目的 分析我国基层医疗卫生机构药学队伍的配置和药学服务存在的问题,为基层医疗卫生机构的药学服务完善提供参考。方法 检索国家和省级政府相关统计年鉴对近年来基层医疗卫生机构、人员等数据进行采集与处理,采用半结构化访谈江苏省和安徽省50名业内人士,详细调研了基层医疗卫生机构药学服务实施现状及存在问题等。结果 我国基层医疗卫生机构数量东西中部占比基本保持平衡;基层药师在基层卫生技术人员的占比由2010年6.56%降至2022年5.07%,每万人口基层药师数仅为1.2;药学服务内容和形式单一,缺乏统一标准;药学服务对象呈现收入、文化、医疗保障水平低等特点,对于药学服务和药师认知有待提高。结论 我国基层医疗卫生机构发展存在地域性的差距,基层药学服务人员数量配备不均衡,整体素质偏低,药学服务理念尚未更新,还需要围绕药学服务政策、内容及规划进行探索。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the existing problems in the configuration of pharmaceutical teams and pharmaceutical services in primary medical and health institutions in China to provide reference for the improvement of pharmaceutical services in such institutions. METHODS First, relevant statistical yearbooks of national and provincial governments were searched to collect and process data on grassroots medical and health institutions, personnel, etc. in recent years. Second, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 key informants from 2 provinces (Jiangsu and Anhui)in East China to conduct detailed research on the current situation and existing problems in the implementation of pharmaceutical services in grassroots medical and health institutions. RESULTS The number of primary medical and health institutions in China was basically balanced in the middle, east, and west. The proportion of primary pharmacists in primary health technicians decreased from 6.56% in 2010 to 5.07% in 2022, and the number of primary pharmacists per 10,000 population was only 1.2. The content and form of pharmaceutical care were simple and lack of unified standards. The pharmaceutical care objects were low in income, education and medical security level, and the cognition of pharmaceutical care and pharmacists needs to be improved. CONCLUSION There is a regional gap in the development of grass-roots medical and health institutions in China. The number of grass-roots pharmaceutical care personnel is unbalanced, the overall quality is low, and the concept of pharmaceutical care has not been updated. It is necessary to explore the policy, content and planning of pharmaceutical care.
关键词
药学服务 /
基层医疗卫生机构 /
药师 /
现状分析
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
pharmaceutical care /
grass-root medical and health institution /
pharmacist /
current situation analysis
{{custom_keyword}} /
中图分类号：
R95
{{custom_clc.code}}
({{custom_clc.text}})
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] YANG X H, SUN X. Research advances of pharmaceutical care in China based upon CiteSpace visualization analysis[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志),2021,41(21):2236-2239, 2243.
[2] HUANG Y L. Problems in pharmaceutical care in regional medical alliance[J]. Cent South Pharm(中南药学),2018,16(10):1492-1495.
[3] HUANG Y K, LI Y H, LENG M L, et al. National survey on pharmaceutical care of primary healthcare institutions in China: part 3. Status quo of pharmaceutical care provision[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志),2019,39(2):109-115.
[4] CUI L, XI X Y, YAO D N, et al. National survey on clinical pharmacy services of tertiary hospitals in China: part 3. status quo of clinical pharmacy service provision[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志),2018,53(10):837-842.
[5] FU L H, LIU A H. China Statistical Yearbook-2022(中国统计年鉴-2022)[M]. Beijing: Beijing China Statistics Press, 2022:22-1.
[6] WU S Y. 2022 China Health Statistics Yearbook(2022中国卫生健康统计年鉴)[M]. Beijing: Beijing China Union Medical University Press, 2022:1-71.
[7] LI H T, ZHANG G L, WAN X D, et al. Investigation and analysis on the current situation and development direction of pharmaceutical care in grass-roots medical institutions in remote and poverty-stricken areas[J]. Chin J Clin Ration Drug Use(临床合理用药), 2021,14(26):157-160.
[8] XI X Y, YAO D N, HUANG Y K, et al. National survey on clinical pharmacy services of tertiary hospitals in China: part 1. Introduction of survey and basic conditions of clinical pharmacy service provision[J]. Chin Pharm J(中国药学杂志),2017,52(19):1746-1752.
[9] LI M. The exploration of the problems in pharmaceutical care in China[D]. Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University,2016.
[10] ZHAO L M, YUAN S J, XI Y B. Discussion on the department setup of hospital pharmacy[J]. Chin Pharm Aff(中国药事),2016,30(8):762-765.
[11] LU J, JIANG L, WANG H Q, et al. Investigation and analysis on the pharmaceutical affairs management and service of 885 medical institutions in Anhui province[J]. Chin J Mod Appl Pharm(中国现代应用药学),2020,37(5):613-619.
[12] HUANG Q X, LU M Q, XU A L, et al. Survey and consideration on the current situation of service ability and pharmaceutical service construction of primary healthcare institutions in Jiangsu province[J]. J China Pharm(中国药房), 2019, 30(23):3287-3292.
[13] YANG Y. Research on design of pharmaceutical service package in primary medical institutions and implementation strategies [D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Traditional of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2018.
[14] WANG R L, MAN C X, LI S C, et al. Development status of Chinese pharmacist team under the background of healthcare reform[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志),2021,41(11):1091-1096, 1113.
[15] ZHOU B Y, ZHAO Z G, SHI W Z, et al. Discussion on pharmaceutical service model and service classification at home and abroad[J]. Drug Eval(药品评价),2020, 17(7):1-3, 64.
[16] CHEN L J, HE S Y, REN Y N, et al. National survey on pharmaceutical care of primary healthcare institutions in China: part 1. introduction of survey and basic conditions of pharmaceutical care provision[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm(中国医院药学杂志),2018,38(24):2501-2507.
[17] HAO J T. Current status and future development of licensed pharmacists practicing at grass-roots level[J]. China Food Drug Adm Mag (中国食品药品监管),2021(7):120-123.
[18] XU J, CHEN J, LUO Z L. Practice analysis and exploration of the working mode of pharmaceutical services alliance[J]. Chin Hosp Manag (中国医院管理), 2019, 39(1):65-67.
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}
基金
辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目资助(L19BGL034)
{{custom_fund}}
PDF(1163 KB)
